ABSTRACT
Objective: Forkhead box [FOX] proteins are important regulators of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition [EMT], which is the main mechanism of cancer metastasis. Different studies have shown their potential involvement in progression of cancer in different tissues such as breast, ovary and colorectum. In this study, we aimed to analyze the expression of genes encoding two FOX proteins in gastric adenocarcinoma
Materials and Methods: In this experimental case-control study, the expression of FOXC2 and FOXQ1 was examined in 31 gastric adenocarcinoma tumors and 31 normal adjacent gastric tissues by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [PCR]
Results: The expression of both genes was significantly up-regulated in gastric adenocarcinoma tumors compared with the normal tissues [P<0.05]. The differential expression of these two genes was also correlated with the grade of tumors [P<0.01]
Conclusion: We show that up-regulation of FOXC2 and FOXQ1 are likely to be involved in the progression of gastric adenocarcinoma
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Forkhead Transcription Factors , Up-Regulation , Adenocarcinoma , Gene Expression , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Case-Control StudiesABSTRACT
Objective: A pure nucleotide pool is essential for correct DNA replication in addition to the prevention of mutagenesis and abnormalities in a living cell. Inosine triphosphatase [ITPase] is a critical enzyme for the removal of deaminated rough purine nucleotides such as inosine from the nucleotide pool. It has been shown that abnormal function and expression of the ITPA gene is followed by an increased substitution mutation rate in the genome. This study compares the ITPA gene expression level between human adenocarcinoma tumors and their normal marginal tissues
Method: We examined ITPA gene expression in 24 pairs of gastric adenocarcinoma tumors and their normal adjacent tissues by quantitative real-time PCR
Result: There was reduced ITPA gene expression in tumor tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues. The decline in ITPA gene expression was more significant in the higher grade samples
Conclusion: ITPA is involved in omitting deaminated purines from the nucleotide pool. Therefore its abnormal function increases the frequency of mutations and causes higher genomic instability. Our data suggest that lower expression of ITPA can be considered a risk factor for the development and progression of gastric cancer